Seo Website Audit For Seo - 1025 Words

A SEO website audit is performed before the activation of the SEO campaign. It is the first step of the SEO process. We need to conduct a SEO website audit for the following purposes: †¢ To pinpoint areas of improvement. †¢ To identify areas where we need to do SEO. †¢ To give insights and recommendations to the client. What do we aim in doing a SEO website audit? †¢ We are aiming to give on-page recommendations to properly optimize all the pages of the website. †¢ It is our goal to inform the client about the current SEO status of the website. †¢ It is also our objective to explain to the client what our SEO team will do. Here are some SEO factors that we are checking for our SEO website audit: I. Current SEO Score – Displays the current SEO†¦show more content†¦The point of alt text is to provide the same functional information that a visual user would see. Search engines, users who disabled images in their browsers and other agents who are unable to see the images on your webpage can read the alt attributes assigned to the image since they cannot view it. III. Technical SEO †¢ Robots.txt – When search engine robots crawl a website, they typically first access a site’s robots.txt file. It tells the Googlebot and other crawlers what is and is not allowed to be crawled on your site. †¢ Sitemap File – A sitemap is important s it lists all the web pages of the site and let search engine crawlers to crawl the website more intelligently. Sitemaps can help robots index your content more thoroughly and quickly. It also provides valuable metadata for each webpage. †¢ URL Canonicalization – Canonicalization describes how a site can use slightly different URLs for the same page. If this happens, search engines my be unsure about which URL is the correct one to index. †¢ HTTPS – HTTPS is a secure protocol for sending/receiving data over the internet. Using HTTPS indicates that an additional encryption/authentication layer was added between client and server. †¢ SEO-Friendly URL – SEO-friendly URLs should contain keywords relevant to the page’s topic, and contain no spaces, underscores, and other characters. †¢ Plaintext Emails Test – Any e-mail address posted in public isShow MoreRelatedAn Advanced Seo Website Audit Checklist1606 Words   |  7 Pages An Advanced SEO Website Audit Checklist Easy to download, print, and check off as you go. A Top Level Overview Test number of indexed web pages - Typically businesses want their homepage showing as the first indexed result. Test for organic landing pages - Google Analytics can help you determine if the number of organic search results corresponds with a site search. 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Ancient Greece A Single Political Body - 850 Words

In the first section of the chapter describing ancient Greece, Paul Cartledge explains that researchers know how and in what way the ancient Greeks surrendered in battle, but do not know exactly why they surrendered since they did not keep a comprehensive account of their surrenders. Cartledge goes on to describe ancient Greece, not as a single political body, but being composed of one thousand separate, widely dispersed entities known as city-states. Some of these city-states, including Athens and Sparta, were radically different from each other. But according to Herodotus, these separate states were all united under their decent, linguistics, customs, and religion, but divided because of politics and self-differentiation. It was the disuniting factors that caused these states to fight among one another and other non-Greek states. Cartledge mentions he based most of this chapter off of the writings of two men from two different wars: Thucydides from the Peloponnesian War and Herodot us from the Persian Wars. According to him, the ancient Greeks typically identified themselves by their state name first and then as being Greek second. But under the Persian Wars, the Greeks united to fight off the Persian invaders. The author finishes the section by describing Greek culture and customs not just from the Greeks themselves, but from other outsiders as well. These outsiders, such as the Egyptians, Hittites, Assyrians, and Persians, influenced the Greeks in culture, military,Show MoreRelatedAncient Greeks And The Roman Empire1085 Words   |  5 Pagessaid that, â€Å"Rome wasn’t built, by the Ancient Greeks, in a day.† (Crest) Ancient Greece was founded in 800 B.C. and was seen to be the first technical, civilized society. Within this society there were large advances in art, poetry and technology. 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The Secret Circle The Initiation Chapter Six Free Essays

â€Å"Well, there’s Jeffrey†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the strawberry blond said. â€Å"Already begun,† Faye said, smiling. â€Å"I work fast, Suzan. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Initiation Chapter Six or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Suzan laughed. When she did, her extraordinary chest jiggled in a way that made Cassie certain she wasn’t wearing anything underneath her apricot-colored sweater. â€Å"I still don’t see the point of Jeffrey Lovejoy,† the biker girl said, scowling. â€Å"You don’t see the point of any guy, Deborah; that’s your problem,† said Suzan. â€Å"And your problem is that you can’t see the point of anything else,† Deborah retorted. â€Å"But Jeffrey’s worse than most. He’s got more teeth than brain cells.† â€Å"It isn’t his teeth I’m interested in,† said Faye thoughtfully. â€Å"Who are you going to start with, Suzan?† â€Å"Oh, I don’t know. It’s so hard to decide. There’s Mark Flemming and Brant Hegerwood and David Downey – he’s in my remedial English class, and he’s developed this killer body over the summer. And then there’s always Nick†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Deborah hooted. â€Å"Our Nick? The only way he’d look at you is if you had four wheels and a clutch.† â€Å"And besides, he’s taken,† Faye said, and her smile reminded Cassie of a crouching jungle cat. â€Å"You just said you wanted Jeffrey – â€Å" â€Å"They both have their uses. Get this straight, Suzan. Nick and I have an†¦ arrangement. So you just back off and pick yourself a nice outsider, all right?† There was a moment of tension, and then the strawberry blond shrugged. â€Å"Okay, I’ll take David Downey. I didn’t really want Nick anyway. He’s an iguana.† Deborah looked up. â€Å"He’s my cousin!† â€Å"He’s still an iguana. He kissed me at the junior prom, and it was like kissing a reptile.† â€Å"Can we get back to business?† Faye said. â€Å"Who’s on the hate list?† â€Å"Sally Waltman,† Suzan said immediately. â€Å"She already thinks because she’s class president she can stand up to us, and if you take Jeffrey, she’s going to be really mad.† â€Å"Sally†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Fay mused. â€Å"Yes, we’ll have to come up with something truly special for dear old Sally†¦ What’s wrong, Deborah?† Deborah had stiffened, looking up the hill toward the school entrance. â€Å"Intruder alert,† she said. â€Å"In fact, it looks like a whole delegation.† Cassie had seen it too, a group of guys and girls coming through the main entrance down the hill. She felt a surge of hope. Maybe while Faye and the other two were occupied with them, she herself could slip away unnoticed. Heart beating quickly, she watched the new group approach. A broad-shouldered boy in front, who seemed to be the leader, spoke up. â€Å"Look, Faye, the cafeteria’s crowded. So we’re going to eat out here – okay?† His voice started out belligerent, but it wavered toward the end, becoming more of a question than a statement. Faye looked up at him without haste, then smiled her slow, beautiful smile. â€Å"No,† she said, briefly and sweetly. â€Å"It isn’t okay.† Then she turned back to her lunch. â€Å"How come?† the boy burst out, still trying to sound tough. â€Å"You didn’t stop us last year.† â€Å"Last year,† Faye said, â€Å"we were only juniors. This year we’re seniors – and we’re wicked. As wicked as we wanna be.† Deborah and Suzan smiled. Frustrated, Cassie shifted her weight. So far there had never been a moment when all three of the girls were looking away. Come on, turn around, she thought pleadingly. The group of guys and girls went on standing there for a minute or two, exchanging angry glances. But finally they turned and walked back toward the school building – all except one. â€Å"Uh, Faye? Did you mean I had to go too?† she said. She was a pretty, flushed girl, and young. Probably a sophomore, Cassie guessed. Cassie expected her to get packed off like the others, but to her surprise Faye raised her eyebrows and then patted the landing invitingly. â€Å"Why, Kori,† she said, â€Å"of course you can stay. We just imagined you’d be eating in the cafeteria with the Princess of Purity and the rest of the goody-goodies.† Kori sat down. â€Å"Too much goodness can get boring,† she said. Faye tilted her head and smiled. â€Å"And there I thought you were a namby-pamby little Puritan. Silly me,† she said. â€Å"Well, you know you’re always welcome here. You’re almost one of us, aren’t you?† Kori ducked her head. â€Å"I’ll be fifteen in two weeks.† â€Å"There, you see,† Faye said to the others. â€Å"She’s almost eligible. Now what were we talking about? That new slasher movie, wasn’t it?† â€Å"That’s right,† Deborah said, showing her teeth. â€Å"The one where the guy chops people up and makes them into condiments at his salad bar.† Suzan was unwrapping a Twinkie. â€Å"Oh, Deborah, don’t. You’re making me sick.† â€Å"Well, you make me sick with those things,† Deborah said. â€Å"You never stop eating them. That’s what those are, you know,† she told Kori, pointing at Suzan’s chest. â€Å"Two giant Twinkies. If Hostess went out of business, she’d be wearing a double A.† Faye laughed her sleepy, throaty laugh, and even Suzan giggled. Kori was smiling too, but looking uncomfortable. â€Å"Kori! We’re not embarrassing you, are we?† Faye exclaimed, opening her golden eyes wide. â€Å"Don’t be silly. I don’t embarrass easily,† Kori said. â€Å"Well, with brothers like yours, I should think not. Still,† Faye went on, â€Å"you seem so young, you know; almost†¦ virginal. But that’s probably just a false impression, right?† Kori was blushing now. All three senior girls were looking at her with insinuating smiles. â€Å"Well, sure – I mean, it is a false impression – I’m not all that young – † Kori swallowed, looking confused. â€Å"I went out with Jimmy Clark all last summer,† she ended defensively. â€Å"Why don’t you tell us all about it?† Faye murmured. Kori looked more confused. â€Å"I – well – I think I’d better get going. I’ve got gym next period, and I have to get all the way over to E-wing. I’ll see you guys.† She got up quickly and disappeared. â€Å"Strange, she left her lunch,† Faye mused, frowning gently. â€Å"Oh, well.† She extracted a package of cupcakes from Kori’s lunch sack and tossed them to Suzan, who giggled. Deborah, though, was frowning. â€Å"That was stupid, Faye. We’re going to need her later – like in two weeks. One empty space, one candidate, you know?† â€Å"True,† Faye said. â€Å"Oh, well, I’ll make it up to her. Don’t worry; when the time comes, she’ll be on our side.† â€Å"I suppose we’d better get moving too,† Suzan said, and behind her rock, Cassie shut her eyes in relief. â€Å"I’ve got to climb all the way to the third floor for algebra.† â€Å"Which could take hours,† Deborah said maliciously. â€Å"But don’t strain yourself just yet. There’s more company coming.† Faye sighed in exasperation, without turning. â€Å"Who now?. What do we have to do to get a little peace around here?† â€Å"It’s Madame Class President herself. Sally. And there’s steam coming out of her ears.† Faye’s expression of annoyance vanished, dissolving into something more beautiful and infinitely more dangerous. Still sitting with her back to the school, she smiled and worked her long, red-tipped fingers like a cat exercising its claws. â€Å"And I thought today was going to be boring,† she murmured, clucking her tongue. â€Å"It just shows you can never tell. Well, hetto, Sally,† she said aloud, standing and turning in one smooth motion. â€Å"What a lovely surprise. How was your summer?† â€Å"Save it, Faye,† said the girl who’d just marched down the steps. She was a good head shorter than Faye, and slighter of build, but her arms and legs had a wiry look and her fists were clenched as if she were prepared to do physical battle. â€Å"I didn’t come out here to chat.† â€Å"But we haven’t had a good talk in so long†¦ Did you do something to your hair? It’s so – interesting.† Cassie looked at Sally’s hair. It had a rusty cast to it, and looked frizzled and overpermed. As the girl raised a defensive hand to her head Cassie could almost have giggled – if it all hadn’t been so horrible. â€Å"I didn’t come to talk about my hair, either!† snapped Sally. She had a strident voice that was climbing higher with every sentence. â€Å"I came to talk about Jeffrey. You leave him alone!† Faye smiled, very slowly. â€Å"Why?† she murmured, and in contrast to Sally’s voice hers seemed even lower and more sensual. â€Å"Afraid of what he’ll do if you’re not there to hold his hand?† â€Å"He’s not interested in you!† â€Å"Is that what he told you? Hmm. He seemed very interested this morning. He’s taking me out Saturday night.† â€Å"Because you’re making him.† â€Å"Making him? Are you suggesting a big boy like Jeffrey can’t say no when he wants to?† Faye shook her head. â€Å"And why isn’t he here now to speak for himself? I’ll tell you something, Sally,† she added, her voice dropping confidentially. â€Å"He didn’t fight hard this morning. He didn’t fight hard at all.† Sally’s hand drew back as if she wanted to hit the bigger girl, but she didn’t. â€Å"You think you can do anything, Faye – you and the rest of the Club! Well, it’s time somebody showed you that you can’t. There are more of us – lots more – and we’re getting tired of being pushed around. It’s time somebody took a stand.† â€Å"Is that what you’re planning to do?† Faye said pleasantly. Sally had been circling her like a bulldog looking for an opening, and now the wiry girl had ended on the edge of the landing with her back to the steps leading down. â€Å"Yes!† Sally cried defiantly. â€Å"Funny,† murmured Faye, â€Å"because it’s going to be hard to do that flat on your back.† With the last words she flicked her long red fingernails in Sally’s face. She never actually touched Sally’s skin. Cassie, who had been watching intently, desperately waiting for an opportunity to flee, felt sure of that. But it was as if something hit Sally. Something invisible. And heavy. The wiry girl’s entire body jerked back and she tried frantically to regain her footing on the edge of the landing. Arms flailing, she teetered for an endless instant and then fell backward. Cassie could never remember what happened then. One minute she was behind her rock, crouching and safe, and the next she had flung herself out across the falling girl’s path, knocking her sideways onto the grass. For a heartbeat Cassie thought they were both going to roll all the way down the hill, but somehow or other they didn’t. They ended up in a heap, with Cassie underneath. â€Å"Let go! You ripped my shirt,† a strident voice exclaimed, and an unkind fist planted itself in Cassie’s midriff as Sally pushed herself to her feet. Cassie stared up at her, open-mouthed. Talk about gratitude†¦ â€Å"And as for you, Faye Chamberlain – you tried to kill me! But you’ll get yours, you wait and see!† â€Å"I’ll get yours too, Sally,† Faye promised, smiling, but the sleepiness in her smile wasn’t genuine anymore. She looked as if underneath she were grinding her teeth. â€Å"You just wait,† Sally repeated vehemently. â€Å"Someday they may find you at the bottom of those stairs with a broken neck.† With that, she marched to the landing and up the steps, bringing her foot down on each as if she were stamping on Faye’s face. She didn’t even look back or acknowledge Cassie’s existence. Cassie slowly got up and glanced down the long, winding flight of stairs that led to the foot of the hill. She couldn’t have done anything differently, she realized. Sally would have been lucky to break nothing more than her neck before she reached bottom. But now†¦ She turned to face the three senior girls above her. They were still standing with careless, unstudied elegance, but underneath their easy demeanor was violence. Cassie saw it in the sullen darkness of Deborah’s eyes, and in the spiteful curve of Suzan’s lips. But most of all she saw it in Faye. It occurred to her, quite incidentally, that these were probably the three most beautiful girls she’d ever seen. It wasn’t just that each had perfect skin, free of the slightest trace of teenage blemishes. It wasn’t their gorgeous hair: Deborah’s dark disordered curls, Faye’s pitch-black mane, and Suzan’s cloud of reddish gold. It wasn’t even the way they set each other off, each one’s distinctive type enhancing the others’ instead of detracting from them. It was something else, something that came from within. A kind of confidence and self-possession that no girl at sixteen or seventeen should have. An inner strength, an energy. A power. It terrified her. â€Å"Well, now, what do we have here?† Faye said in a throaty voice. â€Å"A spy? Or a little white mouse?† Run, Cassie thought. But her legs wouldn’t move. â€Å"I saw her this morning,† Deborah said. â€Å"She was hanging out in front of the bike rack, staring at me.† â€Å"Oh, I’ve seen her before that, Debby,† Faye replied. â€Å"I saw her last week at Number Twelve. She’s a neighbor.† â€Å"You mean she’s – † Suzan broke off. â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Whatever else she is, she’s dead meat now,† Deborah said. Her petite face was twisted in a scowl. â€Å"Let’s not be hasty,† Faye murmured. â€Å"Even mice may have their uses. By the way, how long were you hiding there?† There was only one answer to this, and Cassie fought not to say it. This was no time to come up with a devastatingly witty remark. But at last she gave in, because it was the truth, and because she couldn’t think of anything else. â€Å"Long enough,† she said, and shut her eyes in misery. Faye descended slowly to stand in front of her. â€Å"Do you always spy on other people’s private conversations?† â€Å"I was here before you came,† Cassie said, with as much spirit as she could manage. If only Faye would stop staring at her like that. Those honey-colored eyes seemed to glow with an eerie, supernatural light. It was focused on Cassie like a laser beam, draining away her will, causing the strength to flow out of her. It was as if Faye wanted her to do something – or wanted something from her. It made her feel so disoriented – so off balance and weak†¦ And then she felt a sudden surge of strength that seemed to come up from her feet. Or, rather, from the ground beneath them, from the red New England granite that she’d felt buzzing with life earlier. It steadied her, sweeping up and straightening her spine, so that she lifted her chin and looked into those golden eyes without flinching. â€Å"I was here first,† she said defiantly. â€Å"Very good,† murmured Faye, and there was an odd look in her eyes. Then she turned her head. â€Å"Anything interesting in her backpack?† Cassie saw, to her outrage, that Deborah was going through her backpack, throwing things out one by one. â€Å"Not much,† the biker said, tossing it on the ground so the rest of its contents scattered down the hillside. â€Å"All right.† Faye was smiling again, a particularly unpleasant smile that made her red lips look cruel. â€Å"I think you were right the first time, Deborah. She’s dead meat.† She looked at Cassie. â€Å"You’re new here, so you probably don’t understand what kind of mistake you’ve made. And I don’t have time to stand here and tell you. But you’ll find out. You’ll find out – Cassie.† She reached out and caught Cassie’s chin with long, red-tipped fingers. Cassie wanted to pull away, but her muscles were locked. She felt the strength in those fingers and the hardness of the long, slightly curving nails. Like talons, she thought. The talons of a bird of prey. For the first time she noticed that the red stone Fay wore at her throat had a star in it, like a star sapphire. It winked in the sunlight, and Cassie found she couldn’t take her eyes off it. Laughing suddenly, Faye released her. â€Å"Come on,† she said to the other two girls. The three of them turned and went up the steps. The air exploded from Cassie’s lungs as if she were a balloon that had just been pricked. She was shaking inside. That had been†¦ That had been absolutely†¦ Get a grip on yourself! She’s only a teenage gang leader, she told herself. At least the mystery of the Club is solved. They’re a gang. You’ve heard of gangs before, even if you never went to a school with one. As long as you leave them alone and don’t cross them from now on, you’ll be okay. But the reassurance rang hollow in her mind. Faye’s last words had sounded like a threat. But a threat of what? When Cassie got back to the house that afternoon, her mother didn’t seem to be downstairs. Finally, as she wandered from room to room calling, her grandmother appeared on the staircase. The look on her face made Cassie’s stomach lurch. â€Å"What’s wrong? Where’s Mom?† â€Å"She’s upstairs, in her room. She hasn’t been feeling very well. Now, there’s no need for you to get worried†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Cassie hurried up the creaking old steps to the green room. Her mother was lying in a grand four-poster bed. Her eyes were shut, her face pale and lightly perspiring. â€Å"Mom?† The large black eyes opened. Her mother swallowed and smiled painfully. â€Å"Just a touch of the flu, I think,† she said, and her voice was weak and distant, a voice to go with the pallor of her face. â€Å"I’ll be fine in a day or two, sweetheart. How was school?† Cassie’s better nature battled with her desire to spread her own misery around as much as possible. Her mother took a little breath and shut her eyes as if the light hurt her. Better nature won. Cassie dug her nails into her palms and spoke evenly. â€Å"Oh, fine,† she said. â€Å"Did you meet anyone interesting?† â€Å"Oh, you could say that.† She didn’t want to worry her grandmother, either. But during dinner, when her grand-mother asked why she was so quiet, the words just seemed to come out by themselves. â€Å"There was this girl at school – her name’s Faye, and she’s awful. A female Attila the Hun. And on my very first day I ended up making her hate me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She told the whole story. At the end of it, her grandmother looked into the fireplace as if preoccupied. â€Å"It will get better, Cassie,† she said. But what if it doesn’t? Cassie thought. â€Å"Oh, I’m sure it will,† she said. Then her grandmother did something surprising. She looked around as if somebody might be listening and then leaned forward. â€Å"No, I mean that, Cassie. I know. You see, you have – a special advantage. Something very special†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her voice dropped to a whisper. Cassie leaned forward in turn. â€Å"What?† Her grandmother opened her mouth, then her eyes shifted away. There was a pop from the fire, and she got up to poke the wood there. â€Å"Grandma, what?† â€Å"You’ll find out.† Cassie felt a shock. It was the second time today she’d heard those words. â€Å"Grandma – â€Å" â€Å"You’ve got good sense, for one thing,† her grandmother said, a new, brisk tone in her voice. â€Å"And two good legs, for another. Here, take this broth up to your mother. She hasn’t eaten anything all day.† That night, Cassie couldn’t sleep. Either her dread kept her awake so that she noticed more of the creaking, rattling, old-house sounds than she had before, or there were more of the sounds to notice. She didn’t know which, and it didn’t matter: she kept falling asleep and then jerking back to awareness. Every so often she reached under her pillow to touch the chalcedony piece. If only she could really sleep†¦ so she could dream about him†¦ She sat bolt upright in bed. Then she got up, bare feet pattering on the hardwood floor, and went over to unzip her backpack. She took the things she’d re-collected from the hillside out one by one, pencil by pencil, book by book. At last she looked at the array on the bedspread. She was right. She hadn’t noticed it at the time; she’d been too worried about Faye’s threat. But the poem she’d written that morning and then crumpled up in anger was missing. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Initiation Chapter Six, Essay examples

Health Organization Paper free essay sample

At Parker Memorial Hospital we strongly believe in carrying out our mission and values statements. According to Buchbinder and Shanks (2007), the mission of an organization is the enduring statement of purpose and identifies what the organization does, whom it serves and how it does it. And the value statement, To be the recognized healthcare provider and employer of choice, helps define the organization’s culture. We believe that Parker Memorial Hospital, the nations first hospital, has a responsibility to: Ensure access to superior quality integrated health care for our community and expand access for underserved populations within the community. Create a supportive team environment for patients, employees, and clinical staff. Foster learning and growth through comprehensive academic and educational relationships. Exhibit stewardship and creativity in the management of all available resources there are many issues facing health care organizations. The issues have affected health care in the country negatively. Quality of care has become a major issue in the country. This is because dying patients and other patients do not get the right care when seeking medical attention. The health care sector is made up of private and public sector according to the textbook (Niles, 2011 ). The public and private sector provide medical services to dying patients and other patients. Most people argue that the public sector does not provide quality services to patients. This is because of public hospitals relying on government funds to provide medical services. This has forced many people to seek medical services from private hospitals. After reviewing the U. S. department of census bureau, 49. 9 million people in 2010 were not able to afford medical services from the private hospitals (unknown, 2011). This is due to increase in medical costs and lack of insurance. Private hospitals charge high prices for medical services as they offer customized services. Many citizens do not have health insurance and this makes it hard to get health care services from the private hospitals. Researchers argue that private hospitals are profit oriented and they may not provide quality medical services to patients (Moss amp; Dobson, 2006). This affects the quality of care offered to the patients. Our intent is to analyze how quality of care is affected by organizational culture, structure, governance and social responsibility. Health care organizations, like other organizations, are affected by organizational culture and structure. The organizational culture and structure can affect the quality of care in the organizations negatively or positively. In addition, the quality of care is also affected by organizational governance and social responsibility. Organizational culture refers to the beliefs, values and attitudes of an organization (Buchbinder amp; Shanks, 2007). It is also defined as the collection of norms and values shared by employees in the organization. The values and beliefs shared by the employees control how they relate with each other and stakeholders who are outside the organization. Organizational culture is common in health care organizations (Moss amp; Dobson, 2006). The health care organizations have a set of beliefs, values and attitudes which employees share. Organizational culture affects organizational performance like organizational effectiveness. Poor organizational culture makes it difficult for health care organizations to work effectively as evidence by its definition. This in turn makes it difficult to provide quality care. Organizations having poor or weak culture affect the performance of the employees in the organization. Poor organizational culture leads to poor working conditions for all the employees in the organization. The poor organizational culture leads to stress and lower quality patient care. Doctors and nurses perform poorly in adverse working conditions. This leads to poor quality of care as evidence of performance on the job and patient satisfaction scores. This is according to a study carried out to determine how organizational culture affects doctor’s performance and quality of performance. Most health care organizations do not have strong organizational culture and this has influenced the performance of the employees. This has also affected leadership in the organization and increased conflicts in the organization (Moss amp; Dobson, 2006). The health care organizations have a set of beliefs, values and attitudes which employees share. Organizational culture affects organizational performance like organizational effectiveness. Poor organizational culture makes it difficult for health care organizations to work effectively. This in turn makes it difficult to provide quality care. Organizations having poor or weak culture affect the performance of the employees in the organization. Poor organizational culture leads to poor working conditions for all the employees in the organization. The poor organizational culture leads to stress and lower quality patient care. Doctors and nurses perform poorly in adverse working conditions. This leads to poor quality of care. This is according to a study carried out to determine how organizational culture affects doctor’s performance and quality of performance. Most health care organizations do not have strong organizational culture and this has influenced the performance of the employees (Moss amp; Dobson, 2006). Apart from the organizational culture, organizational structure affects the quality of care in health care organizations. Organizations are structured differently depending on their goals. The structure of an organization is important as it determines how it works and also its performance. Organizational structure allows different entities in the organization to be allocated different roles. Health care organizations have organization structure. The organizational structure affects how the health care organizations carry out their functions. Large organizations find it difficult to provide high quality care to patients. This is because of their complexity and fragmentation of duties in the health organizations. The organizations are not able to enhance physician and patient satisfaction. As the health care organizations grow, the work in the organization tends to become differentiated. Complex tasks in the organization are subdivided into small tasks and each employee is assigned a specific task. Large health care organizations find it difficult to define the responsibilities of different employees in the organization. The organizations find it difficult to measure the output of each employee. This influences the quality of care in the organizations as the managers do not have the right information to improve quality of care. Hence, dying patients receiving care from the hospitals get poor services (Imhof amp; Kaskie, 2008). Additionally, communication is a major problem in health care organizations that have complex organizational structures. Employees are not able to communicate clearly and this leads to conflicts. This hinders employees from providing quality care to patients (Imhof amp; Kaskie, 2008). Organization governance also affects the quality of care. Organizational governance refers to leadership in health care organizations. Many health care organizations do not have good leadership. The organizations do not have transformational leadership. This makes it difficult for managers to lead the employees. Poor leadership affects the performance of employees. This makes it difficult to provide quality care to patients (Imhof amp; Kaskie, 2008). Further, health care organizations should allocate human resources so as to improve delivery of health care in the organization. The organizations experience shortage of nurses and doctors. The shortage has affected the quality of care in the institutions. Allocating human resources in health care organization is vital as the health care organization  Ã‚   lack enough workers. This has affected productivity and performance in health care organizations (Morrison, 2010). There are ethical issues that are tied to allocation of resources. The allocation of resources should be cost effective. Health care organizations should be able to allocate the limited resources well so as to maximize the health benefits for the community being served. Allocating resources poorly affects the population being served. Allocating resources is a moral issue. People allocate resources that produce fewer benefits than the benefits that would have been produced by allocating more resources. Most people are not able to allocate resources well so as to meet the needs of the community. Second, the resources should be allocated equally. It is difficulty to allocate resources equally and this affects the health of the community (Morrison, 2010) . There are various strategies that can be used to change the structure, governance and culture in health care organization. Also, the strategies can be used to change social responsibility. First, the health care organization needs to change the organization culture. It should identify the current organizational culture. This will help the employees decide the organizational culture they want. After that they should develop the organizational culture they want. They should also change their behaviors so as to develop the organizational culture. Changing the organizational structure will also help overcome the issue. The organizational structure affects the culture in the organization. They should embrace organizational structure that promotes quality care like a small organization. They should also encourage diversity training to help eliminate conflicts and poor communication in the organization (Morrison, 2010). The organizational governance can be changed. The health care organizations should change their leadership style. They should embrace transformational leadership, but not transactional leadership. Transformational leadership allows managers and workers in the organization to work together to achieve the goals set. This will in turn improve quality of care. Transactional leadership does not encourage managers and employees work towards achieving the goals (Health care reform to have impact on ethics, 2010). The health care organization should change its social responsibility. It should form positive relations with the community and other stakeholders. This will encourage the organizations to provide quality care (Health care reform to have impact on ethics, 2010). Lastly, the health care organizations should change the organizational  Ã‚   structure. It should study the objectives, mission and vision of the organization. Then it should study the organizational chart to see if it’s good or bad. The organizational chart can have  Ã‚   many top positions and no enough workers. After analyzing the chart, the health care managers should develop the chart well to fit its functions and implement the changes (Health care reform to have impact on ethics, 2010). The health care organization should change its social responsibility. It should form positive relations with the community and other stakeholders. This will encourage the organizations to provide quality care (Health care reform to have impact on ethics, 2010). Lastly, the health care organizations should change the organizational structure. It should study the objectives, mission and vision of the organization. Then it should study the organizational chart to see if it’s good or bad. The organizational chart can have  Ã‚   many top positions and no enough workers. After analyzing the chart, the health care managers should develop the chart well to fit its functions and implement the changes (Health care reform to have impact on ethics, 2010). The quality of care is affected by several factors. It is affected by organizational culture and structure. Poor organization culture and structure lead to poor services. This affects the quality of care given to patients. Also, quality of care is affected by organizational governance and social responsibilities. Poor leadership in the organization affects delivery of services. To overcome the effects, the health care organizations should allocate financial and human resources. They should change organizational culture, structure, governance and social responsibility.

Asymmetric Information for Quality Uncertainty - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theAsymmetric Informationfor Quality Uncertainty. Answer: The Actual Problem The marketplace has goods of different quality. There are those products of high quality while others are of poor quality. Usually, the owners or the sellers of commodities have more information concerning the quality of goods they possess than the potential buyers. The potential purchasers are also aware that the vendors understand more about the quality of the product than they do. This information asymmetry results in the problem of quality uncertainty that significantly impedes market equilibrium and hence the market failure. The article makes use of used cars to demonstrate how the asymmetric information causes market failure. Since many critical mechanical parts and other components are concealed from the view and not easily reachable for scrutiny, it becomes difficult for the potential buyer of a used car to establish quality until after the acquisition. Thus, the purchasers best presumption is that the car is of average quality and will be prepared to pay the price of an average quality car. This situation indicates that the seller of never-abused, watchfully preserved and excellent used car will not find a sufficiently high price to make the selling of his or her car worthwhile(Akerlof, 1970). Such owners will withdraw their cars from the market thus reducing the average quality of automobiles in the marketplace making the purchasers to alter downward their outlook for any used vehicle. As a result, market failure takes place since there are sellers of high-quality vehicles who value their cars most in that they cannot give them out at a lower price. Both the owners and the buyers could benefit from the trade, but, regrettably, the purchasers lack of information hinders this reciprocally beneficial trade from happening. Asymmetric Information Asymmetric Information refers to a scenario where one party to market dealing has more material information compared to the other party(Arnold, 2013). This situation often manifest when the seller of a service or good possesses greater knowledge than the consumer. However, it is also possible that the consumer may have more information than the owner of a product. Therefore, asymmetric information exists due to information failure in some business or economic transactions. Several market transactions exist that avail a favorable environment for the existence of asymmetric information in the society. As a result, it becomes difficult for one to eliminate asymmetric information completely. For instance, the adverse selection that is often encountered in health insurance market is a result of information failure. The purchaser of health insurance cover comprehends more about his or her health than the insurance firms. Those individuals with concealed severe health issues have more incentive to take a medical insurance cover(Case, Fair, Oster, 2014). By doing so, they pass the burden to the insurance companies who are unable to determine the condition of their health precisely due to information failure. Moreover, the adverse selection resulting from information failure is also present in credit markets. The information uncertainty makes it difficult for the lending institutions to discern between the bad and good credit risks. Since it is only the borrower who knows whether or not he or she will repay the debt, the borrowers always take this advantage to rob the credit granting institutions. The Costs of Dishonesty The costs of dishonesty are those expenses that result from the misrepresentation of information in a market transaction either by the seller or the consumer. The consequence of such behavior does not only affect the parties to the economic transaction but the entire society(McTaggart, Findlay, Parkin, 2015). One of the costs of dishonesty in a transaction is that those legitimate businesses are eliminated from the market by dishonest dealings. There could be potential consumers of high-quality commodities and potential sellers of such products in the market. However, the presence of vendors who wish to sell a product of poor quality as a product of high quality distorts the expectation of buyers concerning goods in the market and therefore reduces their willingness to pay a high price for even good products. The owners of high-quality goods will withdraw them from the market and marketplace becomes dominated by products of poor quality(Akerlof, 1970). This situation demonstrates ma rket failure. A higher price is also another cost of dishonesty in a transaction. For example, the unhealthy individuals have higher tendencies of taking health insurance cover thus increasing the proportion of unhealthy persons in the pool of insured people. Since the unhealthy individuals often lie about their health conditions, the prices of the insurance policies reflect the overheads of sicker than the average consumers. In a nutshell, the prices of the policies will be higher to the extent that the healthy ones are discouraged from purchasing the insurance and even others drop the health cover because of their low risk of illness. This situation will increase the number of unhealthy individuals in the community as those who opt out the health insurance are likely to have substandard care when they fall sick. Therefore, it reaches a point where most individuals who take health cover are unhealthy. The insurance will now become exceedingly expensive, and in the extreme, the insurance enterpris es may discontinue selling the insurance. Furthermore, the entire economy is affected adversely by dishonesty in market transactions. For example, the inability to distinguish between the low and high-risk borrowers makes the lending institutions to hike the interest rates(Arnold, 2013). The interest rates are also driven up by the high demand for credit from low-quality borrowers. Therefore, the high costs of borrowing discourage potential high-quality borrowers a scenario that may reduce investments and consumption in the economy. Role of Insurance Uncertainty about the quality of the products purchased is a major issue in a market characterized by information failure. The purchasers often have concerns that the asset may cause them more money after the acquisition. However, in the presence of institutions that counteract the impact of quality uncertainty, then the adverse effects of information failure for consumer durables can be minimized. For example, the guarantees make the seller incur the expenses of repairing the purchased good for a specified period and thus eliminating the issue of quality uncertainty from the consumer. Bibliography Akerlof, G. A. (1970). Critically Review the paper entitled The Market for "Lemons": Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism . The Quarterly Journal of Economics , 488-500. Arnold, R. A. (2013). Economics. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. Case, K. E., Fair, R. C., Oster, S. M. (2014). Principles of economics. Harlow, England: Pearson. McTaggart, D., Findlay, C. C., Parkin, M. (2015). Economics. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W: Pearson.

Agnon Judaism through Metaphors

Agnon Judaism through Metaphors Introduction Shmuel Yosef was a writer and a key figure in contemporary Jewish fiction. His writings tackle â€Å"conflicts in traditional living in Judaism, language, and contemporary world† (Balaban 420). As he said, religious books, viz. Talmud and Torah, mostly swayed the works of Agnon.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Agnon: Judaism through Metaphors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He acquired the name â€Å"Agnon† from one of his stories influenced by the Jewish term Agunah that represents a woman that is not capable of remarrying after being refused a divorce or being abandoned by her husband. Some argument has been raised as to what could have led to Agnon choosing this name with some claiming that it is metaphorical to the abandonment of Israel by deity (Balaban 419-420). The metaphor as illustrated in Torah concerns the moment that Israel had turned away from God and God abandoned them for th eir disobedience. In many stories, ordinary themes of Jewish traditions are portrayed through journeys. This paper discusses the stories of Agnon and the manner in which they metaphorically signify and characterize the customs and traditions of Judaism. Agunot At the start of the story â€Å"Agunot†, Agnon employs the styles of symbolism and metaphor that act as a foundation of the ensuing plot. In stating that â€Å"a thread of grace is spun and drawn out of the deeds† (Yefet 440) and that â€Å"Holy One, blessed be He, in His glory, sits and weaves† (Yefet 440), it is insinuated that God intertwines a shawl of prayers that is woven from substances consisting of deeds of the Jewish people. Like the midrashic starting ends, the deeds of the Jewish people are structured in accordance with love. Out of the deeds of accomplished and pure love, God intertwines with the help of the threads (mercy and grace). The aforementioned metaphor comes up at the opening of the story. From the â€Å"Agunot† story, the author acquired his name â€Å"Agnon†. In this story, the author has altered the term â€Å"Agunah† from a law in Judaism to psychological status of being. In Judaism, â€Å"Agunah† denotes a woman that is married but has lost his husband (perhaps in battle or indifferent settings where he could be believed to have passed on). When the whereabouts of the husband s not identified, the wife turns out to be lawfully â€Å"attached†. The word â€Å"Agunah† is obtained from a Hebrew name â€Å"Ogen† that signifies â€Å"attached†. Therefore, the wife cannot be married again before being issued with a divorce by her husband. In this regard, the wife is in an indefinite state, caught up in two worlds.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the â€Å"Agunot†, the author chang es the lawful Agunah into a psychological Agunah, portraying multiple instances of personified souls destined to be terribly attached to their desire for things they cannot acquire. The real plot narrates the story of a rich person who arrives in Jerusalem to assist in the reconstruction of the city. The rich man by the name Sire had a daughter, whom he wanted to get married to Ezekiel. Being an intellectual, Ezekiel was offered a teaching job by the rich man (Yefet 439). For the function of constructing an impressive ark in the temple, Sire employed a famous artisan whose name was Ben-Uri. Ben-Uri was a dedicated craftsman, and he dedicates his entire efforts towards his inventive function of constructing the ark. During the construction of the ark, Ben-Uri starts to sing. At this point, Dina gets so much attracted to Ben-Uri. However, Ben-Uri pays no attention to Dina and dedicates all his concentration and zeal to his task of art until he is through with the construction of the a rk, placing it near a window. When Ben-Uri dozes off in a backyard when it is already dark, Dina gets interested in knowing why Ben-Uri has stopped singing. In her nightdress, Dina goes closer to where Ben-Uri had been working and finds the completed ark near a window. When she was admiring the complex and beautiful artistic work in which Ben-Uri had totally dedicated his time and efforts to, Dina is overcome by a swift satanic urge in the form of jealousy and she throws out the ark thru the window (Yefet 441). Ben-Uri is blamed of the act and is forced to leave Jerusalem, and instead of the ark he had made, a simple one was prepared. Overpowered by guilt prior to get married to Ezekiel, Dina opens up to the rabbi and disclosed that she damaged the ark that Ben-Uri had made. The rabbi termed it as an accident. Even if Dina got married to Ezekiel, their marriage was never consummated. Both Dina and Ezekiel sat in different corners in the bedroom reflecting on the different things tha t had earlier transpired. On the same night, Ezekiel decides to divorce Dina and flees from Jerusalem (Yefet 442). The story ends on a mystical instance with assumptions of where rabbi headed to after he also leaves Jerusalem. Some of the metaphors that ensue are in some names of the characters. Ben-Uri symbolizes the Bezalzel in the bible who constructed God’s Tabernacle. Ezekiel symbolizes the Ezekiel in the bible who was a prophet and Dina symbolized the Dina in the bible who is represented as a raped woman. He says, Our sages of blessed memory said that when a man puts his first wife away from him, the very altars weep, but here [with Ezekiel and Dina] the altars had dropped tears even as he took her to wife (Agnon 7)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Agnon: Judaism through Metaphors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Kerchief In the story of â€Å"The Kerchief†, there comes up a boy as he moves th rough an entrance, when he starts to learn to join his childlike notions with the accountabilities of living in the world. While he lies in the bed of his dad, the boy gets a dream of the Christ, a magical realism (Agnon 8). He integrates his supernatural practicality of his juvenile and relates it to the function of mitzvot. As the boy grows up, his voice is augmented as the sounds of his parents diminish. His parents are reprieved, shifting to the backdrop as his real individuality, his desires and thoughts shift to the forefront. During his father’s absence, the boy would spend the nights in his bed and think of the likelihood of the return of Messiah. The Messiah as the boy believed, having intermingled with beggars, was immediately set to be identified as the Redeemer and King. In accordance with the boy, in the times that the Messiah would come back, his family could not have any distance separating them. Instead of journeys to work or to school, they would live togethe r, matching together in the courts of deity (Balaban 424). The boy could keep a record of the times of the absence of his dad by attempting a fresh loop in his fringes, after waking up every morning. The section outlined when the boy’s dad could come back from the fair is impressively gorgeous. This part carries the dream of the boy concerning his family, the value of closeness, and reverence, which are a radiance of light that grips the kids of a given family from cohort to cohort. The presents that the head of the family would bring home were valued, but temporary thus vanishing and lost after a moment (Balaban 425). Past the contentment of his riches, the storyteller is somewhat taken by a kerchief that his dad gave to his mum. The boy’s mum wears the scarf on different occasions. Nevertheless, during the Bar Mitzvah (an initiation rite in Judaism indicating 13 years of age of a Jewish lad and representing the start of religious accountability) of the boy, the mothe r ties it perfectly around the neck of the boy as a symbol of reputation. On the day of the ceremony, a beggar finds his way to the urban dwelling and he is avoided by everyone who gets near him. As the boy was on his way home, he meets the beggar and hands the exceptional kerchief to the beggar who uses it to cover his sores (Balaban 421-422). When the boy gets home, his mum immediately assures him that instead of a punishment for handing the kerchief to the beggar, he is applauded in joy for his lovely deed. In this regard, the existence of his parents, his dream concerning splendor of loving and lasting affection of his family get strongly achieved.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The digit 13 is metaphoric of a custom in Judaism. It is a number that illustrates a given maturity, a signpost of the maturity of a child. This number also symbolizes the traits of God, as earlier comprehended from a biblical perspective. Additionally, in Judaism, there exist 13 standards of faith. In the story of â€Å"The kerchief† the boys appears to make his parents contented with his deeds, illustrating the lines delineated for him, which is just the same way as a person could complete a written Torah (Balaban 423). The kerchief acquires a key and changing position in the attentiveness of the boy. The kerchief acts as the connection between the dad and mum and when the boy offers it to the beggar on the day of his Bar Mitzvah, the boy symbolizes Elijah, accomplishing a kind-hearted deed that could lead to redemption in the future. In this regard, the boy embraces both the greatest ambitions of human lessons and every one of the Godly qualities, a principle that symboliz es the best of traditions in Judaism stranded by tight traditions and kind family. Torah satisfies the Talmud. Additionally, the Talmud satisfies the scientific investigation and finally, the whole story makes the traits of a well-built person. From Lodging to Lodging The importance of this story heightens with the remembrance that Agnon initially shifted to Palestine in 1908 at the time of the second occurrence of mass migration to Palestine that took place from around 1904 until the World War I started. The aforementioned occurrence encompassed countless believers of Judaism that turned up not for the fact that they were idealists or Jewish backers of Zionism, but since riots and dire lack compelled them to (migration to Palestine was economical as compared to migration to America). The story commences with the narration of both winter and summer. The motives of sickness against those of well-being discussed at the beginning keep coming up throughout the story. The lodgings rent o ut in Tel Aviv are very close to the main bus terminus (Vais 31). The noise at the terminus keeps the narrator awake during nighttime with the sleepiness making him weary throughout the day, in such a great way that he could not actually benefit from being near the sea. Escalating the sense of sickness, the reader learns that the landlord had a kid who after being abandoned by his mum, eats dirt and is in a very pitiful state. The child cries through out the night. Even if flies could crawl over the wounds of the narrator, he was very tired to chase them away. The friends of the child’s father speak to him the way people speak to the ailing individuals. Moreover, they persistently tell him to move from one lodging to another, especially because he seemed to hate being kept awake throughout the night in Tel Aviv (Hagbi 90-95). The narrator states that Talmud’s teachings point out that individuals must never keep moving from one quarter to another, but his pals ignored h im and one of them searches new lodgings for him. The lodgings are not just new, but as well ideal. In this regard, they symbolize the dreams of a restored, healthy Israel and healthy individuals. In this story, the small house is positioned on a grassy hill away from the rowdy residents of the city and in the vineyards grown by the landlord. The portrayal of the house as well as nurturing of the land around it creates the metaphor of the resurgence of the land adored by the youthful Jewish innovators. The images of sickness and well-being keep occurring as the child’s father longs for the unique relaxation that he will experience when he gets into the house (Hoffman 147-148). Meanwhile, prior to his doing so, he generates an illness of his eyes and he is cautioned against touching the eyes to prevent them from turning out to be worse. Nevertheless, when he goes back to the lodgings in Tel Aviv, the boy, who has sick eyes and unclean fingers, keep on touching the eyes of his father even after being stopped. The representation of the illness strongly differs with the speaker’s finding when walks to the roads: I passed through the land and I saw that we had several more villages. Places that had produced only thistles and thorns had become like a garden of God. And like the land, so too the people were happy in their labors and rejoicing in building their land, their sons and daughters healthy and wholesome. Their hands were not soiled, and their eyes were not diseased (Agnon 18). The fable of the goat This story tells of an old man who falls sick and the sickness makes him get a severe and bad cough. As his treatment, the physicians prescribe the milk from a goat. The old man thus obtains a goat that demonstrates a queer pattern of conduct. Each day, the goat would disappear for a short time and come back with its udders filled with very sweet milk that calmed the cough. Puzzled by this queer conduct, the son to the old man is determined to unders tand this occurrence (Hagbi 127). The son to the old man ties the goat with a very long rope and stealthily follows her. When he followed the goat by the rope, the goat directed him to a very lengthy cave. The journey through the cave landed them to the land of Israel. Turning his eyes about the land, the son saw an attractive land that looked like the Garden of Eden. With the notice that he had reached the â€Å"promised land†, the son wrote a note to his dad directing him on the way to come after the goat on its way to this land. He attached this note at the ear of the goat as it started its journey back home. On seeing the goat without the company of his son, the old man assumed that the goat had led to the death of his son (Hagbi 129). He thereby reacted with wrath and killed the goat, only to find the note when the goat is already dead. This story ends on a sad note of disconnection of the father from his son as the cave strangely vanished with the death of the goat. The father thus forever remains in exile. The position of exile is represented as a sickness. A characteristic theme of exile from Israel in the bible as well as in the Jewish scriptures is a curse and reprimand. The affirmation of coughing from his heart rather than from his lungs symbolizes that the old man was not sick physically but psychologically (Hoffman 149-150). The reality that the milk carried by the goat originates from Israel and calms the coughing of the old man symbolizes Israel as a treatment to the psychological sickness of exile. The journey to Israel through the cave is symbolic of a spiritual walk to the Promised Land. In Hebrew, the word cord used to represent the rope tied to the goat has a pronunciation of ‘Meshicha† that calculatedly is pronounced almost the same as the Hebrew term for Messiah. To accept to have a grip on the cord â€Å"then your journey will be secure, and you will enter the Land of Israel† (Agnon 23) represents a real messia nic acceptance. Conclusion Shmuel Yosef was an author and a significant contributor in contemporary Jewish creative writing. As Yosef said, religious scriptures, Talmud and Torah, habitually influenced his writings. The stories of Agnon metaphorically signify and characterize the customs and traditions of Judaism. At the beginning of the story â€Å"Agunot†, Agnon utilizes metaphor that acts as a basis of the subsequent plot. It is from this story that the author gained his name â€Å"Agnon†. The figure 13 in â€Å"Kerchief† is metaphoric of a tradition in Judaism. The lodgings in â€Å"From Lodging to Lodging† are not merely new, but as well perfect, symbolizing the dreams of a reinstated, healthy Israel and healthy persons. In â€Å"The fable of the goat†, the journey to Israel via the cave is symbolic of a divine walk to the Promised Land. As evident in this paper, the writings of Agnon embark upon conflicts in traditional living in Judaism, lan guage and modern-day world. Agnon, Shmuel Y. A book that was lost and other stories, California: Schoken, 1995. Print. Balaban, Avraham. â€Å"A different reading of S. Y. Agnon’s story, â€Å"The kerchief.† Journal of Modern Jewish Studies 11.3 (2012): 419-425.  Print. Hagbi, Yaniv. Language, Absence, Play: Judaism and Superstructuralism in the Poetics of SY Agnon, New York: Syracuse University Press, 2009. Print. Hoffman, Anne. Language, Absence, Play: Judaism and Superstructuralism in the Poetics of SY Agnon. European Journal of Jewish Studies 5.1 (2011): 147-150. Print. Vais, Hilel. Agnon and Germany: The Presence of the German World in the Writings of SY Agnon, Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press, 2010. Print. Yefet, Karin. Unchaining the Agunot: Enlisting the Israeli Constitutional in the Service of Womens Marital Freedom. Yale Journal of Law Feminism 20.1 (2008): 439-442. Print.

Homemade Biodiesel Titration Test Procedure

Homemade Biodiesel Titration Test Procedure One hundred percent virgin or lightly used waste vegetable oil (WVO) requires 3.5 grams of lye per liter of oil to cause a biodiesel reaction. Heavily used oil can require significantly more, and must be tested to evaluate its acidity. Titration is a common method used to determine the appropriate amount of lye (base) needed for a particular batch of WVO. Titration Equipment: an electronic scale or beam balance2 beakers or jarsa graduated dropperlitmus test strips or electronic pH meterlyeisopropyl alcoholdistilled water Following are the steps to complete a titration test: Measure 1 gram of lye on a scale.Measure 1 liter of distilled water into a beaker.Thoroughly mix the gram of lye with the liter of water until it’s dissolved.Measure 10 milliliters of isopropyl alcohol into a separate beaker.Thoroughly mix 1 milliliter of used vegetable oil into the alcohol.With a graduated eyedropper, put a 1 milliliter drop of the lye/water mix into the oil/alcohol mix.Immediately check the pH level of the oil/alcohol mix with a piece of litmus paper or an electronic pH meter.Repeat step 7, keeping track of the number of drops used, until the oil/alcohol mix has reached a pH level of between 8 and 9normally no more than 4 drops.Calculate the amount of lye needed for the biodiesel reaction by adding 3.5 (amount of lye used for virgin oil) to the number of drops from step 7. For example: suppose a titration uses 3 drops of lye/water. Adding 3.0 plus 3.5 6.5. This hypothetical batch of oil requires 6.5 grams of lye per liter of oil.